GWTC-3: compact binary coalescences observed by LIGO and Virgo during the second part of the third observing run
Physical Review X
Published On 2023/12/4
The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to the end of their third observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences during the second half of the third observing run (O3b) between 1 November 2019, 15∶ 00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and 27 March 2020, 17∶ 00 UTC. There are 35 compact binary coalescence candidates identified by at least one of our search algorithms with a probability of astrophysical origin p astro> 0.5. Of these, 18 were previously reported as low-latency public alerts, and 17 are reported here for the first time. Based upon estimates for the component masses, our O3b candidates with p astro> 0.5 are consistent with gravitational-wave signals from binary black holes or neutron-star–black-hole binaries, and we identify …
Journal
Physical Review X
Published On
2023/12/4
Volume
13
Issue
4
Page
041039
Authors
Huanzhao Liu
Indiana University Bloomington
Position
H-Index(all)
332
H-Index(since 2020)
210
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0
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0
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0
Citation(since 2020)
0
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0
Research Interests
Experimental Particle Physics
Collider Physics
University Profile Page
Xiaofeng Wang
Tsinghua University
Position
Physics Department
H-Index(all)
283
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185
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0
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0
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0
Citation(since 2020)
0
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0
Research Interests
supernova
time-domain astronomy
AGN
University Profile Page
Giacomo Bruno
Université Catholique de Louvain
Position
professor of physics (UCL) Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
H-Index(all)
240
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165
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0
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0
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0
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0
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0
Research Interests
particle physics
fundamental interactions
particle detectors
statistical data analysis
high-performance computing
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Jongki Kim
Yonsei University
Position
Physics
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238
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138
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0
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0
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0
Research Interests
Optics
Photonics
Fiber optics
Laser beam shaping
Laser applications
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Thomas Koffas
Carleton University
Position
Professor of Physics
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234
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165
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0
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0
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Research Interests
Physics
Experimental High Energy Physics
Neutrinos
Higgs
Detector Development
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Jun-Ming LIU
Nanjing University
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226
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161
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condensed matter physics
materials science
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Hyun Geun Lee
Korea University
Position
Ph.D. of Mathematics
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224
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145
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0
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0
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0
Research Interests
Computational Fluid Dynamics
University Profile Page
Nick van Remortel
Universiteit Antwerpen
Position
Professor of Physics
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190
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126
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0
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0
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Physics of particles and fields
general relativity
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Raymond Frey
University of Oregon
Position
Department of Physics
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182
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98
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astrophysics
high-energy physics
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Physical Review X
Nonreciprocal Dissipation Engineering via Strong Coupling with a Continuum of Modes
Optical nonreciprocity plays a key role in almost every optical system, directing light flow and protecting optical components from backscattered light. Controllable forms of on-chip nonreciprocity are needed for the robust operation of increasingly sophisticated photonic integrated circuits (PICs) in the context of classical and quantum computation, networking, communications, and sensing. However, it has been challenging to achieve wideband, low-loss optical nonreciprocity on-chip. In this paper, we demonstrate strong coupling and Rabi-like energy exchange between photonic bands, possessing a continuum of modes, to unlock nonreciprocity and frequency translation over wide optical bandwidths in silicon. Using a traveling-wave phonon field to drive indirect interband photonic transitions, we demonstrate band hybridization that enables an intriguing form of nonreciprocal dissipation engineering. Using the …
2024/4/2
Article DetailsTao Dong
Peking University
Physical Review X
Light-Induced Melting of Competing Stripe Orders without Introducing Superconductivity in
The ultrafast manipulation of quantum material has led to many novel and significant discoveries. Among them, the light-induced transient superconductivity in cuprates achieved by melting competing stripe orders represents a highly appealing accomplishment. However, recent investigations have shown that the notion of photoinduced superconductivity remains a topic of controversy, and its elucidation solely through c-axis time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy remains an arduous task. Here, we measure the in-plane and out-of-plane transient terahertz responses simultaneously in the stripe-ordered nonsuperconducting La 2− x Ba x CuO 4 after near-infrared excitations. We find that although a pump-induced reflectivity edge appears in the c-axis reflectance spectrum, the reflectivity along the CuO 2 planes decreases simultaneously, indicating an enhancement in the scattering rate of quasiparticles. This in-plane …
2024/3/4
Article DetailsXin Xing
University of California, Berkeley
Physical Review X
Inverse Volume Scaling of Finite-Size Error in Periodic Coupled Cluster Theory
Coupled cluster theory is one of the most popular post-Hartree-Fock methods for ab initio molecular quantum chemistry. The finite-size error of the correlation energy in periodic coupled cluster calculations for three-dimensional insulating systems has been observed to satisfy the inverse volume scaling, even in the absence of any correction schemes. This is surprising, as simpler theories that utilize only a subset of the coupled cluster diagrams exhibit much slower decay of the finite-size error, which scales inversely with the length of the system. In this study, we review the current understanding of finite-size error in quantum chemistry methods for periodic systems. We introduce new tools that elucidate the mechanisms behind this phenomenon in the context of coupled cluster doubles calculations. This reconciles some seemingly paradoxical statements related to finite-size scaling. Our findings also show that …
2024/3/28
Article DetailsShangfei Wu
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Physical Review X
Symmetry breaking and ascending in the magnetic kagome metal FeGe
Spontaneous symmetry breaking—the phenomenon in which an infinitesimal perturbation can cause the system to break the underlying symmetry—is a cornerstone concept in the understanding of interacting solid-state systems. In a typical series of temperature-driven phase transitions, higher-temperature phases are more symmetric due to the stabilizing effect of entropy that becomes dominant as the temperature is increased. However, the opposite is rare but possible when there are multiple degrees of freedom in the system. Here, we present such an example of a symmetry-ascending phenomenon upon cooling in a magnetic kagome metal FeGe by utilizing neutron Larmor diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. FeGe has a kagome lattice structure with simple A-type antiferromagnetic order below Néel temperature T N≈ 400 K and a charge density wave (CDW) transition at T CDW≈ 110 K, followed by a spin …
2024/3/8
Article DetailsJohn W. Harris
Yale University
Physical Review X
Observation of the electromagnetic field effect via charge-dependent directed flow in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
The deconfined quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions enables the exploration of the fundamental properties of matter under extreme conditions. Noncentral collisions can produce strong magnetic fields on the order of 10 18 G, which offers a probe into the electrical conductivity of the QGP. In particular, quarks and antiquarks carry opposite charges and receive contrary electromagnetic forces that alter their momenta. This phenomenon can be manifested in the collective motion of final-state particles, specifically in the rapidity-odd directed flow, denoted as v 1 (y). Here, we present the charge-dependent measurements of d v 1/d y near midrapidities for π±, K±, and p (p) in Au+ Au and isobar (Ru 44 96+ Ru 44 96 and Zr 40 96+ Zr 40 96) collisions at s NN= 200 GeV, and in Au+ Au collisions at 27 GeV, recorded by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The combined …
2024/2/23
Article DetailsÉtienne Fodor
Université du Luxembourg
Physical Review X
Active matter under control: Insights from response theory
Active constituents burn fuel to sustain individual motion, giving rise to collective effects that are not seen in systems at thermal equilibrium, such as phase separation with purely repulsive interactions. There is a great potential in harnessing the striking phenomenology of active matter to build novel controllable and responsive materials that surpass passive ones. Yet, we currently lack a systematic roadmap to predict the protocols driving active systems between different states in a way that is thermodynamically optimal. Equilibrium thermodynamics is an inadequate foundation to this end, due to the dissipation rate arising from the constant fuel consumption in active matter. Here, we derive and implement a versatile framework for the thermodynamic control of active matter. Combining recent developments in stochastic thermodynamics and response theory, our approach shows how to find the optimal control for …
2024/2/7
Article DetailsFederico Fedele
University of Oxford
Physical Review X
Bridging the reality gap in quantum devices with physics-aware machine learning
The discrepancies between reality and simulation impede the optimization and scalability of solid-state quantum devices. Disorder induced by the unpredictable distribution of material defects is one of the major contributions to the reality gap. We bridge this gap using physics-aware machine learning, in particular, using an approach combining a physical model, deep learning, Gaussian random field, and Bayesian inference. This approach enables us to infer the disorder potential of a nanoscale electronic device from electron-transport data. This inference is validated by verifying the algorithm’s predictions about the gate-voltage values required for a laterally defined quantum-dot device in AlGaAs/GaAs to produce current features corresponding to a double-quantum-dot regime.
2024/1/4
Article DetailsRomain Grasset
École Polytechnique
Physical Review X
Defect-Induced Low-Energy Majorana Excitations in the Kitaev Magnet α−RuCl3
B22. 00004: Defect-induced low-energy Majorana excitations in the Kitaev magnet α-RuCl 3
2024
Article DetailsWilliam C. Ratcliff
Georgia Institute of Technology
Physical Review X
Morphological Entanglement in Living Systems
Many organisms exhibit branching morphologies that twist around each other and become entangled. Entanglement occurs when different objects interlock with each other, creating complex and often irreversible configurations. This physical phenomenon is well studied in nonliving materials, such as granular matter, polymers, and wires, where it has been shown that entanglement is highly sensitive to the geometry of the component parts. However, entanglement is not yet well understood in living systems, despite its presence in many organisms. In fact, recent work has shown that entanglement can evolve rapidly and play a crucial role in the evolution of tough, macroscopic multicellular groups. Here, through a combination of experiments, simulations, and numerical analyses, we show that growth generically facilitates entanglement for a broad range of geometries. We find that experimentally grown entangled …
2024/1/25
Article DetailsShu Zhang
University of California, Los Angeles
Physical Review X
Spontaneous Chirality Flipping in an Orthogonal Spin-Charge Ordered Topological Magnet
The asymmetric distribution of chiral objects with opposite chirality is of great fundamental interest ranging from molecular biology to particle physics. In quantum materials, chiral states can build on inversion-symmetry-breaking lattice structures or emerge from spontaneous magnetic ordering induced by competing interactions. Although the handedness of a chiral state can be changed through external fields, a spontaneous chirality flipping has yet to be discovered. We present experimental evidence of chirality flipping via changing temperature in a topological magnet EuAl 4, which features orthogonal spin density waves (SDW) and charge density waves (CDW). Using circular dichroism of Bragg peaks in the resonant magnetic x-ray scattering, we find that the chirality of the helical SDW flips through a first-order phase transition with modified SDW wavelength. Intriguingly, we observe that the CDW couples strongly …
2024/3/21
Article DetailsDavide Valentinis
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie
Physical Review X
Nonlocal Electrodynamics in Ultrapure
The motion of electrons in the vast majority of conductors is diffusive, obeying Ohm’s law. However, the recent discovery and growth of high-purity materials with extremely long electronic mean free paths has sparked interest in non-Ohmic alternatives, including viscous and ballistic flow. Although non-Ohmic transport regimes have been discovered across a range of materials—including two-dimensional electron gases, graphene, topological semimetals, and the delafossite metals—determining their nature has proved to be challenging. Here, we report on a new approach to the problem, employing broadband microwave spectroscopy of the delafossite metal PdCoO 2 in three distinct sample geometries that would be identical for diffusive transport. The observed differences, which go as far as differing power laws, take advantage of the hexagonal symmetry of the conducting Pd planes of PdCoO 2. This permits a …
2024/2/15
Article DetailsQi-Fan Yang
Peking University
Physical Review X
Taming Brillouin Optomechanics Using Supermode Microresonators
Electrostrictive Brillouin scattering provides a ubiquitous mechanism to optically excite high-frequency (> 10 GHz), bulk acoustic phonons that are robust to surface-induced losses. Resonantly enhancing such photon-phonon interactions in high-Q microresonators has spawned diverse applications spanning microwave to optical domains. However, tuning both the pump and scattered waves into resonance usually comes with the cost of photon confinement or modal overlap, leading to limited optomechanical coupling. Here, we introduce Bragg scattering to realize strong bulk optomechanical coupling in the same spatial modes of a micron-sized supermode microresonator. A single-photon optomechanical coupling rate up to 12.5 kHz is demonstrated, showing more than 10 times improvement than other devices. Low-threshold phonon lasing and optomechanical strong coupling are also observed for the 10.2-GHz …
2024/3/26
Article DetailsShai Gertler
Yale University
Physical Review X
Nonreciprocal Dissipation Engineering via Strong Coupling with a Continuum of Modes
Optical nonreciprocity plays a key role in almost every optical system, directing light flow and protecting optical components from backscattered light. Controllable forms of on-chip nonreciprocity are needed for the robust operation of increasingly sophisticated photonic integrated circuits (PICs) in the context of classical and quantum computation, networking, communications, and sensing. However, it has been challenging to achieve wideband, low-loss optical nonreciprocity on-chip. In this paper, we demonstrate strong coupling and Rabi-like energy exchange between photonic bands, possessing a continuum of modes, to unlock nonreciprocity and frequency translation over wide optical bandwidths in silicon. Using a traveling-wave phonon field to drive indirect interband photonic transitions, we demonstrate band hybridization that enables an intriguing form of nonreciprocal dissipation engineering. Using the …
2024/4/2
Article Details