Analyzing the Fermi Bubbles with DArk Matter Particle Explorer

Wireless charging is becoming an increasingly popular charging solution in portable electronic products for a more convenient and safer charging experience than conventional wired charging. However, our research identified new vulnerabilities in wireless charging systems, making them susceptible to intentional electromagnetic interference. These vulnerabilities facilitate a set of novel attack vectors, enabling adversaries to manipulate the charger and perform a series of attacks. In this paper, we propose VoltSchemer, a set of innovative attacks that grant attackers control over commercial-off-the-shelf wireless chargers merely by modulating the voltage from the power supply. These attacks represent the first of its kind, exploiting voltage noises from the power supply to manipulate wireless chargers without necessitating any malicious modifications to the chargers themselves. The significant threats imposed by VoltSchemer are substantiated by three practical attacks, where a charger can be manipulated to: control voice assistants via inaudible voice commands, damage devices being charged through overcharging or overheating, and bypass Qi-standard specified foreign-object-detection mechanism to damage valuable items exposed to intense magnetic fields. We demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the VoltSchemer attacks with successful attacks on 9 top-selling COTS wireless chargers. Furthermore, we discuss the security implications of our findings and suggest possible countermeasures to mitigate potential threats.

arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.12193

Side-channel analysis has been proven effective at detecting hardware Trojans in integrated circuits (ICs). However, most detection techniques rely on large external probes and antennas for data collection and require a long measurement time to detect Trojans. Such limitations make these techniques impractical for run-time deployment and ineffective in detecting small Trojans with subtle side-channel signatures. To overcome these challenges, we propose a Programmable Sensor Array (PSA) for run-time hardware Trojan detection, localization, and identification. PSA is a tampering-resilient integrated on-chip magnetic field sensor array that can be re-programmed to change the sensors' shape, size, and location. Using PSA, EM side-channel measurement results collected from sensors at different locations on an IC can be analyzed to localize and identify the Trojan. The PSA has better performance than conventional external magnetic probes and state-of-the-art on-chip single-coil magnetic field sensors. We fabricated an AES-128 test chip with four AES Hardware Trojans. They were successfully detected, located, and identified with the proposed on-chip PSA within 10 milliseconds using our proposed cross-domain analysis.

PCB inductors can enhance the integration of power electronics systems, and hence are of high demand. Nevertheless, PCB inductors encounter challenges such as the severe skin effect and significant inductance reduction in both ac and dc condition as trace widths increase. This paper identifies the cause of this inductance reduction and proposes an innovative PCB inductor structure to mitigate these issues. The new design also utilizes split wires to effectively suppress the skin effect. Comprehensive simulations and experiments demonstrate that the proposed ESPI can achieve both high energy density and low near-field magnetic radiation. The design files, simulations, and experiment data are included in the multimedia folder

IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics

In portable electronics applications, although near-field communication (NFC) works at 13.56MHz and wireless charging (WLC) works at from 87kHz-205kHz, the efficient integration of NFC antenna coil and WLC receiver coil can reduce the volume and cost of portable electronic equipment. In this paper, a novel NFC and WLC coil integration technology is proposed based on the wide-band impedance models of the coil. The circuit model of the proposed integrated coil is developed. Based on the developed model, the technique to improve NFC inductance’s effective frequency range is investigated. Furthermore, the physical meaning of the NFC inductance and its magnetic field distribution is analyzed. Finally, the proposed integrated coil is experimentally validated.

In the realm of modern power electronics, motors find extensive application across various domains. To enhance energy density and facilitate miniaturization while achieving faster switching speeds, power electronic devices with such characteristics are widely employed for motor control. However, the adoption of these high-speed switching devices introduces a new set of challenges related to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Previous research has regarded radiated EMI (RE) from motors to be non-dominant in the presence of grounded motor casings. However, in certain circumstances, radiation generated by motors cannot be overlooked. In this paper, the radiation model is proposed to develop the LF radiated emissions for the motor. The mechanism of radiated emissions generated from the motor is analyzed in detail based on electrostatic theory. The developed model is validated via experiments. The …

Physics Letters B

The production of prompt Λ c+ baryons at midrapidity (| y|< 0.5) was measured in central (0–10%) and mid-central (30–50%) Pb–Pb collisions at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon pair s NN= 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector. The results are more precise, more differential in centrality, and reach much lower transverse momentum (p T= 1 GeV/c) with respect to previous measurements performed by the ALICE, STAR, and CMS Collaborations in nucleus–nucleus collisions, allowing for an extrapolation down to p T= 0. The p T-differential Λ c+/D 0 ratio is enhanced with respect to the pp measurement for 4< p T< 8 GeV/c by 3.7 standard deviations (σ), while the p T-integrated ratios are compatible within 1σ. The observed trend is similar to that observed in the strange sector for the Λ/K S 0 ratio. Model calculations including coalescence or statistical hadronization for charm-hadron formation are compared …

IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics

Radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a very important research topic in power electronics systems in recent years as the switching frequencies of power electronics converters increase significantly with the adoption of wide-bandgap (WBG) devices. In this survey article, the radiation mechanisms of both near-field and far-field radiation in power electronics systems are first reviewed. Second, for noise sources, the switching characteristics of switching devices and their impacts on radiated EMI were discussed. Third, high frequency radiated EMI modeling and prediction techniques are summarized for both isolated and non-isolated power converters. Low frequency radiated EMI modeling and prediction techniques were also reviewed. Fourth, techniques developed for the mitigation of noise sources, the reduction of noise on its propagation paths and the optimization of critical PCB traces were fully reviewed …

Radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a very important research topic in power electronics systems in recent years as the switching frequency of power electronics converters increases significantly. In this article, the mechanism of radiated EMI generation and propagation in power electronics systems was disclosed, a generalized radiated EMI model was developed at first. Then, switching characteristics and its impact on radiated EMI was compared between wide bandgap (WBG) devices and Si MOSFETs. Third, the radiated EMI modeling and mitigation techniques including component improvement, PCB layout improvement, high-frequency EMI filters, and shielding, etc. were reviewed and summarized. Both the radiated EMI research above 30MHz and below 30MHz are surveyed. Future challenges and research topics for the radiated EMI are systematically summarized in the end.

Hardware Trojans (HTs) are malicious circuits planted in Integrated Circuits (ICs). Multiple techniques using Side-Channel signals to detect HTs have been developed over the past decade. However, most of this research focuses on HT detection. Few of them explore the possibility of either identifying different Hardware Trojans implemented inside ICs or detecting inactive HTs. We propose a runtime EM side-channel analysis workflow (HT-EMIS) that uses a convolutional neural network to address the shortcomings above. By analyzing EM side-channel leakage from an FPGA, our tool can identify known types of HTs implemented inside a design and reports whether they are inactive or active with 100% accuracy. Additionally, we are able to successfully detect new unseen HTs with this model in 98.7% of test cases, due to the fact that HTs inserted at the Register Transfer Level with similar triggers and payloads …

Qi standard, widely used in consumer electronics wireless charging, requires an information exchange between the charger and the charged device. The Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) technique employed for data transmission from the charged device to the charger is susceptible to disturbances due to load variations or noises. The conventional approach to addressing this issue involves introducing extra modulation circuits to dynamically adjust the modulation depth in response to interference conditions. This paper introduces an innovative control strategy for the synchronous rectifier in the charged device, which doubles the ASK modulation depth. With this technology, the ASK communication can achieve more flexibility in modulating depth, potentially leading to the removal of redundant modulation circuits, reduction of overall system costs, size, complexity, and enhancement of system reliability.

arXiv preprint arXiv:2311.09532

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) are deployed in many CPU designs because of the confidentiality and integrity guarantees they provide. ARM TrustZone is a TEE extensively deployed on smart phones, IoT devices, and notebooks. Specifically, TrustZone is used to separate code execution and data into two worlds, normal world and secure world. However, this separation inherently prevents traditional fuzzing approaches which rely upon coverage-guided feedback and existing fuzzing research is, therefore, extremely limited. In this paper, we present a native and generic method to perform efficient and scalable feedback-driven fuzzing on Trusted Applications (TAs) using ARM CoreSight. We propose LightEMU, a novel fuzzing framework that allows us to fuzz TAs by decoupling them from relied TEE. We argue that LightEMU is a promising first-stage approach for rapidly discovering TA vulnerabilities prior to investing effort in whole system TEE evaluation precisely because the majority of publicly disclosed TrustZone bugs reside in the TA code itself. We implement LightEMU and adapt it to Teegris, Trusty, OP-TEE and QSEE and evaluate 8 real-world TAs while triggering 3 unique crashes and achieving x10 time speedup when fuzzing TAs using the state-of-the-art TrustZone fuzzing framework.

Journal of High Energy Physics

Searches for CP violation in the decays and are performed using pp collision data corresponding to 6 fb− 1 of integrated luminosity collected by the LHCb experiment. The calibration channels are used to remove production and detection asymmetries. The resulting CP-violating asymmetries are

The proliferation of power electronics has brought great challenges to electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) problems. This paper summarized all related substandards in two major requirements, DO-160G and MIL-STD-461G, and comprehensively compared test contents, levels, procedures, and setups between them. The critical difference in similar tests is reviewed and some confusing descriptions are discussed. Therefore, a refined and complete overview to help quickly understand these complicated requirements is provided for both researchers and engineers. A guideline to choose applicable substandards is developed to reduce the developing and testing time for new equipment. Improvement suggestions on these standards are proposed based on analysis.

Symmetric switching angle modulation has been widely applied to multilevel inverters in the last decade. Most of the published techniques on this topic are to eliminate harmonics and generate sinusoidal voltages. This paper presents a new asymmetric switching angle modulation (ASAM) technique to utilize the harmonics of the staircase voltage waveforms generated by multilevel inverters for various grid support and energy storage charging. This technique can efficiently compensate reactive power and individual harmonics, balance unbalanced load and control bidirectional power flow between the grid and the energy storage. Simulations and experiments are conducted to validate the proposed technique.

The near magnetic field produced by magnetic components may compromise the performance of nearby devices. This paper analyzed the near magnetic field distribution around toroidal inductors. The mechanism of the field’s origination was studied in this article and modeled with the combination of magnetic dipoles and quadrupoles with clear physical meaning. Intuitive conclusions were drawn from the model and verified by simulation and experiments.

Planar transformers are promising solutions for the integration of power electronic systems due to unique advantages including lower profile and better thermal performance. In low voltage and high current applications, copper loss is a main factor affecting transformer performance. This paper focuses on optimizing the width of turns within each PCB winding to reduce the copper loss with no additional costs. An efficient model is introduced for low frequency applications, including effects of the gaps and the radial current distribution, and a more accurate high-frequency model is also provided. The design method for the optimized winding width of each turn is proposed. 3D finite element analysis (FEA) simulation showed the superiority of the proposed method to existing ones, including two improved designs. The proposed method is applicable to various shapes of magnetic cores and also demonstrates significant …

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The existence of fractionally charged particles (FCP) is foreseen in some extensions to the Standard Model of particle physics, and their detection would be a significant breakthrough. Most of the previous cosmic-rays (CRs) studies are mainly focused on the secondary CRs from the extensive air shower, but there is rarely on-orbit study to search FCP from primary CRs. The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) was launched into space on the 17th December 2015, and it has been working well in space for more than five years with the purpose of measuring CRs and gamma-rays, and as today a large amount of scientific data has been acquired. The FCP is assumed to be a heavy lepton, as a result, the Minimum Ionized Particles (MIPs) are selected. The Geant4 simulations toolkit is used to investigate the signal region and to evaluate selection efficiency of 2/3 FCP in DAMPE. The detailed selection methods are presented and discussed in this work.

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

This article first reviewed the modeling and prediction techniques for the radiated electromagnetic interference (EMI) in active-clamp flyback (ACF) power converters. An improved radiated EMI model was then developed including the PCB ground impedance based on the ACF converter under investigation. Next, the improved radiated EMI model was quantified and experimentally verified. Two mitigation techniques were developed for the radiated EMI based on the improved model. Experiments were conducted to verify the developed analysis and mitigation techniques for the radiated EMI. The proposed modeling and mitigation techniques were finally extended to other isolated power converter topologies.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) has become an increasingly important issue in high-speed and high-power density power electronics applications. At low frequencies below 30 MHz, conducted emission and radiated emission are regulated by international standards such as CISPR 25. However, EMI tests usually require specified experiment setups, and it is time-consuming. It is desired for device manufacturers to develop prediction techniques that can simplify the prediction process and provide accurate prediction results based on analysis and simulation basis. This paper develops the LF EMI prediction models for conducted and radiated EMI. The prediction results are validated by experiments.

The issue of electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a critical and complex matter in power electronics. In the current landscape of rapidly evolving power electronics applications, high switching frequencies are widely adopted to reduce the size of devices and components, increase power density, and improve overall efficiency. Magnetic components, such as inductors, play vital roles in power converters and EMI filters. Consequently, many researchers have focused on studying inductors in EMI filters to enhance equipment performance. Building upon existing research, this paper will begin by presenting the fundamental inductor model and various methods for optimizing inductor design. Subsequently, the impact of inductors on conducted EMI in converters will be discussed. Lastly, this paper will introduce the radiation model of inductors, including near magnetic field and near electric field radiation.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), launched to the ISS in August 2015 and in continuous operation since, measures cosmic-ray (CR) electrons, nuclei, and gamma rays. CALET, with its 27 radiation length deep Total Absorption Calorimeter (TASC), measures particle energy, allowing for the determination of spectra and secondary to primary ratios of the more abundant CR nuclei through 28Ni, while the main charge detector (CHD) can measure Ultra-Heavy (UH) CR nuclei through 40Zr. Previous CALET UHCR analyses used a special high duty cycle (~90%) UH trigger that does not require passage through the TASC and used time- and position-dependent detector response corrections based on 14Si and 26Fe and an angle-dependent geomagnetic cutoff rigidity selection to show abundances of even nuclei in agreement with SuperTIGER and ACE-CRIS. The work shown here further improves upon those results by restricting UH events to those that pass through both the TASC and CHD. While this constraint does reduce the number of events to ~1/6 of the original UH trigger analysis, the loss of statistics is compensated by improvements in event selection from an energy-binned charge determination and minimum deposited energy that substitutes for the previous minimum geomagnetic rigidity selection. The results shown here represent 7 years of observation for the abundances of elements from Z=10 to Z=40 relative to 26Fe and are compared to previous measurements from ACE-CRIS, SuperTIGER, and HEAO-3.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

A precise measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum is carried out with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) and a sharp softening of the energy spectrum above 10 TeV is observed. CALET, located on the International Space Station, has started data taking in October 2015 and has accumulated data for more than seven years without any serious troubles. CALET is pursuing the direct measurement of the main components of high energy cosmic rays up to ~1 PeV in order to understand the cosmic ray acceleration and propagation. Thanks to the thick calorimeter that corresponds to 30 radiation lengths and to \sim1.3 proton interaction lengths, the proton analysis presented in this paper spans a broad energy range from 50 GeV to 60 TeV. Proton energy resolution is 30-40%, and the residual background is less than 10% in the E < 10 TeV region. In the multi-TeV region, we observed a spectral softening with a spectral index change from -2.6 to -2.9 in addition to the spectral hardening we had previously confirmed with a high significance above a few hundred GeV. The transition to the softer regime is much sharper than the smooth onset of hardening observed at lower energy.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) cosmic ray detector on the International Space Station (ISS) has been in operation since its launch in 2015. The main instrument, the CALorimeter (CAL), is optimized to observe high-energy electrons up to TeV energies, but its three-storied, composite and thick detector enable us to discriminate gamma rays from overwhelming background of charged cosmic rays. Thus, it is monitoring the gamma ray sky from 1 GeV up to 10 TeV with a field of view of about 2 sr, but the exposure is somewhat non-uniform because of the limitation imposed by the inclination angle (51.6 degree) of the ISS orbit. In this paper we report results from gamma ray observations obtained during its mission for more than seven years with increased statistics compared with previous reports. They include properties of the Galactic diffuse gamma rays, spectra of bright Galactic point sources, and light curves of extragalactic active galactic nuclei, which show good consistencies with Fermi-LAT observations of which energy range overlaps with CALET.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a space-based calorimetric instrument, designed to carry out precision measurements of high energy cosmic rays. Installed on the Japanese Experiment Module - Exposed Facility on the ISS, it is collecting data with excellent performance and no significant interruptions since October 2015. We present the results of a direct measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray helium, based on about 6.5 years of collected data. It shows significant deviations from a single power law with a progressive hardening around a few hundred GeV followed by a softening in the multi-TeV region. A measurement of the proton to helium flux ratio is also presented. Thanks to the recent update of the CALET proton flux with higher statistics, the p/He ratio is measured with high precision, extending the energy reach of previous measurements with magnetic spectrometers by more than one order of magnitude.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The study of flux ratios of cosmic-ray primary elements is of particular interest not only to assess the relative abundance of each element, but also to gain a deeper understanding of their propagation in the galaxy. High energy cosmic ray data are the best candidate for this purpose as convection, nuclear decay, and energy degradation can be neglected during their propagation. CALET on the International Space Station has been measuring the flux of several primary elements from proton to nickel for 7 years to date. In this contribution, the flux ratios of heavy primary elements to lighter primaries will be shown, extending the energy range already investigated by previous measurements.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The ISS-based Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is directly measuring the energy spectrum of electron+positron cosmic rays up to 20 TeV. Annihilation or decay of dark matter (DM) could produce signatures in the positron and electron cosmic-ray spectra, thus the parameter space of DM candidate models can be probed by studying these messengers. The TeV-region extension of the spectrum provided by CALET is especially important for heavy DM search, since the signature's location in energy is closely correlated with the DM mass.The magnet spectrometer AMS-02 on the other hand provides an exclusive positron-only spectrum below the TeV range. The combined analysis of both data-sets allows for DM search with a sophisticated modeling of the astrophysical background, comprising pulsars as the primary positron source and supernova remnant (SNR) sources providing the majority of the electron flux, in addition to a secondary component. As a refinement over a phenomenological power-law parametrization of the background, overlapping individual point source spectra are used as background for deriving limits on DM annihilation and decay from the CALET all-electron and the AMS-02 positron-only data. The used SNR and pulsar samples combine known nearby sources dominating the spectrum at high energies with randomly generated ones throughout the galaxy. By analyzing a large number of samples with also randomized emission spectra parameters, the expected variability of the background is taken into account, improving the reliability of the obtained limits on DM annihilation cross-section and lifetime.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

In this work, we present a feasibility study aiming at a measurement of the cosmic ray (CR) helium flux utilizing CALET data with a significantly enhanced statistical precision. It is based on a wider geometrical acceptance compared to the current CALET analysis while ensuring a correct identification of charged particles crossing the detector. The expected statistical enhancement for the all-acceptance configuration is nearly a factor of two compared to the previous analysis, over the entire energy range from tens of GeV to hundreds of TeV. Preliminary assessment of efficiencies and background sources has been carried out based on energy-dependent charge selections.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The International Space Station (ISS) provides an orbital platform for astrophysical missions with lower resource requirements than free-flying satellites. The many uses of the ISS, how7 keVever, can produce unique challenges to the accurate analysis of the data acquired by these instruments. In this work, we present effects observed by the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), an astroparticle physics mission installed on the Japanese Experiment Module Exposed Facility of the ISS. The CALET calorimeter is sensitive to cosmic-ray electrons and gamma rays from ~1 GeV up to above 10 TeV, and to cosmic-ray hadrons up to ~PeV total energies. The CALET Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (CGBM) is sensitive to X-rays and low-energy gamma rays from 7 keV to 20 MeV. Furthermore, ultra-heavy galactic cosmic-ray (UHGCRs) abundances are measured by CALET using a much more open geometry than is possible for events which shower in the instrument. In this work, we discuss ISS-related issues that affect the observations by CALET. Here we detail the ways these effects are accounted for in the production of scientific results. Finally, the possible impact on future missions such as TIGERISS (Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder for the International Space Station; planned for deployment to the ISS in 2026) and mitigation strategies are discussed.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a deep electromagnetic calorimeter designed for the measurement of cosmic-ray electrons on the International Space Station. Deployed on the Exposed Facility of the Japanese Experiment Module since August 2015, it observes cosmic-ray electrons with energies up to above 10 TeV and hadrons up to PeV total energies. Above a few TeV, the decrease in the electron flux and increased contamination by protons in the boosted decision tree (BDT) selection introduce challenges to determination of the flux at the highest energies and the search for signatures of nearby accelerators. To address the proton contamination, we apply a dedicated event-by-event analysis to evaluate the likelihood of each candidate event being a real electron or a contaminating proton. In this work, we detail the implementation of the likelihood analysis based on physically motivated shower parameters in the CALET calorimeter. Large simulated electron and proton datasets tailored to the parameters of the observed candidate events are generated and studied to produce a likelihood parameter for the improved rejection of protons. The results are tied to the BDT selection in the flight data analysis and summarized for the currently identified candidate events. Finally, we discuss an expansion of this work presently under development to use BDTs trained specifically for each candidate to provide an additional figure of merit.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) cosmic ray detector on the International Space Station (ISS) has been in operation since its launch in 2015. The main instrument, the CALorimeter (CAL), is optimized to observe high-energy electrons up to TeV energies, but its three-storied, composite and thick detector enable us to discriminate gamma rays from overwhelming background of charged cosmic rays. Thus, it is monitoring the gamma ray sky from 1 GeV up to 10 TeV with a field of view of about 2 sr, but the exposure is somewhat non-uniform because of the limitation imposed by the inclination angle (51.6 degree) of the ISS orbit. In this paper we report results from gamma ray observations obtained during its mission for more than seven years with increased statistics compared with previous reports. They include properties of the Galactic diffuse gamma rays, spectra of bright Galactic point sources, and light curves of extragalactic active galactic nuclei, which show good consistencies with Fermi-LAT observations of which energy range overlaps with CALET.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The ISS-based Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is directly measuring the energy spectrum of electron+positron cosmic rays up to 20 TeV. Supernova remnants (SNR) are the most likely astrophysical sources to provide the majority of the electron flux, out of which a few nearby young SNR like Vela are expected to dominate in the TeV-region with potentially detectable spectral signatures. Another expected contribution to the spectrum is from pulsars as a primary positron-electron pair source for explanation of the positron excess. Complementary to the CALET all-electron spectrum, the positron-only spectrum measured by the magnet spectrometer AMS-02 below the TeV range provides detailed information on this component. An interpretation of the CALET and AMS-02 data by overlapping spectra from individual pulsar and SNR point sources is presented, combining sources known from electromagnetic wave observations with further randomly generated ones spread throughout the galaxy. Based on the study of a large number of samples with randomized source locations and emission spectra parameters, best fitting ranges and constraints for these parameters, as well as predictions for the spectrum beyond the so far measured energy range have been derived.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The study of flux ratios of cosmic-ray primary elements is of particular interest not only to assess the relative abundance of each element, but also to gain a deeper understanding of their propagation in the galaxy. High energy cosmic ray data are the best candidate for this purpose as convection, nuclear decay, and energy degradation can be neglected during their propagation. CALET on the International Space Station has been measuring the flux of several primary elements from proton to nickel for 7 years to date. In this contribution, the flux ratios of heavy primary elements to lighter primaries will be shown, extending the energy range already investigated by previous measurements.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) space experiment is a high-energy astroparticle physics mission installed on the International Space Station (ISS). The primary goals of the CALET mission include studying the details of galactic cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation, and searching for possible nearby sources of high-energy electrons and dark matter signatures. The CALET experiment is measuring the flux of cosmic-ray electrons (including positrons) to 20 TeV, gamma-rays to 10 TeV and nuclei with Z=1 to 40 up to 1,000 TeV. The instrument consists of two layers of segmented plastic scintillators for the identification of cosmic-rays via a measurement of their charge (CHD), a 3 radiation length thick tungsten-scintillating fiber imaging calorimeter (IMC) and a 27 radiation length thick lead-tungstate calorimeter (TASC). The instrument was launched on August 19, 2015 to the ISS and installed on the Japanese Experiment Module-Exposed Facility (JEM-EF). Since the start of operations in mid-October, 2015, CALET has been in continuous observation mode over 7.5 years and mainly triggering on high energy (>10 GeV) cosmic-ray showers without any major interruption. The number of triggered events over 10 GeV is nearly 1.86 billion events as of June 30, 2023. Here, we present the highlights of the CALET latest results, including the electron + positron energy spectrum, the spectra of protons and other nuclei, gamma-ray observations, as well as the characterization of on-orbit performance. Some results on the electromagnetic counterpart search for LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave events and the observations of solar modulation and …

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), launched to the ISS in August 2015 and in continuous operation since, measures cosmic-ray (CR) electrons, nuclei, and gamma rays. CALET, with its 27 radiation length deep Total Absorption Calorimeter (TASC), measures particle energy, allowing for the determination of spectra and secondary to primary ratios of the more abundant CR nuclei through 28Ni, while the main charge detector (CHD) can measure Ultra-Heavy (UH) CR nuclei through 40Zr. Previous CALET UHCR analyses used a special high duty cycle (~90%) UH trigger that does not require passage through the TASC and used time- and position-dependent detector response corrections based on 14Si and 26Fe and an angle-dependent geomagnetic cutoff rigidity selection to show abundances of even nuclei in agreement with SuperTIGER and ACE-CRIS. The work shown here further improves upon those results by restricting UH events to those that pass through both the TASC and CHD. While this constraint does reduce the number of events to ~1/6 of the original UH trigger analysis, the loss of statistics is compensated by improvements in event selection from an energy-binned charge determination and minimum deposited energy that substitutes for the previous minimum geomagnetic rigidity selection. The results shown here represent 7 years of observation for the abundances of elements from Z=10 to Z=40 relative to 26Fe and are compared to previous measurements from ACE-CRIS, SuperTIGER, and HEAO-3.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

Recent results from precision measurements at the NA62 experiment IRIS IRIS Home Sfoglia Macrotipologie & tipologie Autore Titolo Riviste Serie Settore Scientifico Disciplinare Tipologia ISI-CRUI Afferenza IT Italiano Italiano English English LOGIN 1.IRIS 2.Pubblicazioni 3.02 - Intervento a convegno Akmete, A., Aliberti, R., Ambrosino, F., Ammendola, R., Angelucci, B., Antonelli, A., et al. (2024). Recent results from precision measurements at the NA62 experiment. ??????? it.cilea.surplus.oa.citation.tipologie.CitationProceedings.prensentedAt ??????? The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics (EPS-HEP2023), Hamburg [10.22323/1.449.0336]. Recent results from precision measurements at the NA62 experiment V. Bonaiuto; F. Sargeni; 2024-01-01 Scheda breve Scheda completa Scheda completa (DC) Nome del convegno The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy …

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The latest LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA observing run (O4) started on May 24 in 2023. Many ground and space instruments have participated in follow-up observation and search for electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational waves. Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the Interna- tional Space Station has also searched for electromagnetic counterparts since the observation started in October 2015. Although CALET is a payload for direct measurement of high-energy cosmic rays, CALET has the capability to observe high-energy gamma-rays above 1 GeV with the Calorimeter (CAL) and X-rays / gamma rays in the energy range from 7 keV to 20 MeV with the CALET Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (CGBM). We searched for electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave events in the last LIGO/Virgo observing run (O3). Although no candidate was found in CALET data in O3, CAL and CGBM estimated upper limits of gamma-ray / X-ray flux for the gravitational waves in O3. We have been searching for electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational waves in O4 with improved and automated analysis pipelines to deal with many events with high event rates. As of the end of June 2023, the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA collaboration reported 169 events via the GCN/LVC NOTICE, and 15 of 169 events were reported to GCN Circulars as significant events. Although CGBM and CAL searched for signals associated with the significant events, no candidates were found around the event time of the significant events. We obtained CAL upper limits for eight significant events of which localization high probability region overlapped with the CAL field of view.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) space experiment is a high-energy astroparticle physics mission installed on the International Space Station (ISS). The primary goals of the CALET mission include studying the details of galactic cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation, and searching for possible nearby sources of high-energy electrons and dark matter signatures. The CALET experiment is measuring the flux of cosmic-ray electrons (including positrons) to 20 TeV, gamma-rays to 10 TeV and nuclei with Z=1 to 40 up to 1,000 TeV. The instrument consists of two layers of segmented plastic scintillators for the identification of cosmic-rays via a measurement of their charge (CHD), a 3 radiation length thick tungsten-scintillating fiber imaging calorimeter (IMC) and a 27 radiation length thick lead-tungstate calorimeter (TASC). The instrument was launched on August 19, 2015 to the ISS and installed on the Japanese Experiment Module-Exposed Facility (JEM-EF). Since the start of operations in mid-October, 2015, CALET has been in continuous observation mode over 7.5 years and mainly triggering on high energy (>10 GeV) cosmic-ray showers without any major interruption. The number of triggered events over 10 GeV is nearly 1.86 billion events as of June 30, 2023. Here, we present the highlights of the CALET latest results, including the electron + positron energy spectrum, the spectra of protons and other nuclei, gamma-ray observations, as well as the characterization of on-orbit performance. Some results on the electromagnetic counterpart search for LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave events and the observations of solar modulation and …

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) has been collecting data on the International Space Station for more than seven years since October 2015. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with a total vertical thickness of 30 radiation lengths and fine imaging capability, optimized for the measurement of the electron and positron (all-electron) spectrum well into the TeV energy region. The observed event statistics have increased more than three times since its last publication about the all-electron spectrum to 4.8 TeV in 2018. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, the data analysis effectively rejects background protons, resulting in less than 10% contamination up to the TeV region. The expected systematic errors are investigated. The significance of the cutoff at the TeV region in the energy spectrum, which is expected as a result of radiation loss during propagation, has increased to over 6 sigma. By observing the detailed structure in the TeV region of the energy spectrum, we will investigate on the presence of possible nearby cosmic-ray sources. In this paper, we will present the updated all-electron spectrum, and briefly discuss its interpretations.

POS PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENCE

Searches for LF/LN violation and hidden sectors in kaon decays at the NA62 experiment IRIS IRIS Home Sfoglia Macrotipologie & tipologie Autore Titolo Riviste Serie Settore Scientifico Disciplinare Tipologia ISI-CRUI Afferenza IT Italiano Italiano English English LOGIN 1.IRIS 2.Pubblicazioni 3.02 - Intervento a convegno Akmete, A., Aliberti, R., Ambrosino, F., Ammendola, R., Angelucci, B., Antonelli, A., et al. (2024). Searches for LF/LN violation and hidden sectors in kaon decays at the NA62 experiment. ??????? it.cilea.surplus.oa.citation.tipologie.CitationProceedings.prensentedAt ??????? The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics (EPS-HEP2023), Hamburg, Germany [10.22323/1.449.0335]. Searches for LF/LN violation and hidden sectors in kaon decays at the NA62 experiment V. Bonaiuto; F. Sargeni; 2024-01-01 Scheda breve Scheda completa Scheda completa (DC) Nome del …

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The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) has been collecting data on the International Space Station for more than seven years since October 2015. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with a total vertical thickness of 30 radiation lengths and fine imaging capability, optimized for the measurement of the electron and positron (all-electron) spectrum well into the TeV energy region. The observed event statistics have increased more than three times since its last publication about the all-electron spectrum to 4.8 TeV in 2018. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, the data analysis effectively rejects background protons, resulting in less than 10% contamination up to the TeV region. The expected systematic errors are investigated. The significance of the cutoff at the TeV region in the energy spectrum, which is expected as a result of radiation loss during propagation, has increased to over 6 sigma. By observing the detailed structure in the TeV region of the energy spectrum, we will investigate on the presence of possible nearby cosmic-ray sources. In this paper, we will present the updated all-electron spectrum, and briefly discuss its interpretations.