Search for strongly interacting massive particles generating trackless jets in proton–proton collisions at

APPLICATION IN LIFE SCIENCES AND BEYOND

To use Augmented Reality in an automotive vehicle for testing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems a new development approach with high computing power is needed. Reasons for this are a high vehicle speed as well as fewer possible orientation points on an urban test track compared to using AR applications inside a building. With the help of Image Segmentation, Artificial Intelligence for Object Detection, and Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping a 3-Dimensional Model with precise information of the urban test site is to be generated. Through the use of AI and Image Segmentation, it is expected to significantly improve performance like computing speed and accuracy for AR applications in automotive vehicles.

arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14786

We study how the recent experimental results constrain the gauge sectors of U(1) extensions of the standard model using a novel representation of the parameter space. We determine the bounds on the mixing angle between the massive gauge bosons, or equivalently, the new gauge coupling as a function of the mass of the new neutral gauge boson in the approximate range GeV/. We consider the most stringent bounds obtained from direct searches for the . We also exhibit the allowed parameter space by comparing the predicted and measured values of the parameter and those of the mass of the boson. Finally, we discuss the prospects of searches at future colliders.

Universe

The origin and evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in our universe have sparked controversy. In this study, we explore the hypothesis that some of these black holes may have seeded from the direct collapse of dark energy domains with density significantly higher than the surrounding regions. The mechanism of the origin of such domains relies on the inflationary evolution of a scalar field acting in D dimensions, which is associated with the cosmological constant in our four-dimensional spacetime manifold. Inner space quantum fluctuations of the field during inflation are responsible for the spatial variations of the dark energy density in our space. This finding holds particular significance, especially considering recent evidence from pulsar timing array observations, which supports the existence of a stochastic gravitational wave background consisting of SMBH mergers.

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

BackgroundThe EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population.MethodsEMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease …

The differentiation of dengue virus (DENV) infection, a major cause of acute febrile illness in tropical regions, from other etiologies, may help prioritize laboratory testing and limit the inappropriate use of antibiotics. While traditional clinical prediction models focus on individual patient-level parameters, we hypothesize that for infectious diseases, population-level data sources may improve predictive ability. To create a clinical prediction model that integrates patient-extrinsic data for identifying DENV among febrile patients presenting to a hospital in Thailand, we fit random forest classifiers combining clinical data with climate and population-level epidemiologic data. In cross validation, compared to a parsimonious model with the top clinical predictors, a model with the addition of climate data, reconstructed susceptibility estimates, force of infection estimates, and a recent case clustering metric, significantly improved model performance

Astronomy & Astrophysics

Stars with zero-age main sequence masses between 140 and 260 M⊙ are thought to explode as pair-instability supernovae (PISNe). During their thermonuclear runaway, PISNe can produce up to several tens of solar masses of radioactive nickel, resulting in luminous transients similar to some superluminous supernovae (SLSNe). Yet, no unambiguous PISN has been discovered so far. SN 2018ibb is a hydrogen-poor SLSN at z = 0.166 that evolves extremely slowly compared to the hundreds of known SLSNe. Between mid 2018 and early 2022, we monitored its photometric and spectroscopic evolution from the UV to the near-infrared (NIR) with 2–10 m class telescopes. SN 2018ibb radiated > 3 × 1051 erg during its evolution, and its bolometric light curve reached > 2 × 1044 erg s−1 at its peak. The long-lasting rise of > 93 rest-frame days implies a long diffusion time, which requires a very high total …

Journal of Advanced Instrumentation in Science

The MUTOMCA (MUon TOMography for shielding CAsks) project investigates the suitability of muon tomography for the reverification of spent fuel casks. Spent fuel casks are stored, for decades, in dedicated locations and are under constant surveillance by international agencies through unattended monitoring equipment. In the hypothetical case that these instruments would temporarily fail, thus leading to a loss of Continuity of Knowledge (CoK), a reverification of the spent fuel enclosed in self-shielding casks would be required. The reverification is particularly challenging for conventional nondestructive assay (NDA) methods since thick-walled spent fuel casks considerably attenuate the radiation emitted by the spent fuel. On the other hand, inspectorates need a high degree of assurance on the amounts of nuclear material stored in those casks. With the aim of proving the ability of muon tomography to detect a diversion of fuel assemblies in closed spent fuel casks, an experimental apparatus was designed, developed, constructed, and commissioned. The detectors were used during the first months of 2023, in a field trial at a dry storage facility in Germany to examine CASTOR® V/19 casks. Preliminary results are presented along with the potentials and drawbacks of the experimental apparatus.

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) is an autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by alterations in the catabolism of chylomicrons and by increased levels of plasma triglycerides. It has been shown that about 60-90% of FCS patients have biallelic mutations in the LPL gene and the remaining patients have mutations in genes encoding proteins closely related to LPL function. The objective of this manuscript is to illustrate the different clinical scenarios of FCS presentation, and to guide practitioners on the usefulness of genetic tests in each of them. To this end, several published papers about recommendations for the diagnosis of FCS are discussed briefly, in addition to the presentation of several hypothetical cases, highlighting different clinical presentations and possible associated genetic findings. These cases illustrate the multiplicity of potential aspects of family history, clinical manifestations, biochemical parameters, and patterns of genetic variants found in genomic analyses of FCS.

European Journal of Surgical Oncology

BackgroundBoth anastomotic leak (AL) and conduit necrosis (CN) after oesophagectomy are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the identification of preoperative, modifiable risk factors is desirable. The aim of this study was to generate a risk scoring model for AL and CN after oesophagectomy.MethodsPatients undergoing curative resection for oesophageal cancer were identified from the international Oesophagogastric Anastomosis Audit (OGAA) from April 2018–December 2018. Definitions for AL and CN were those set out by the Oesophageal Complications Consensus Group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for both AL and CN. A risk score was then produced for both AL and CN using the derivation set, then internally validated using the validation set.ResultsThis study included 2247 oesophagectomies across 137 hospitals in 41 countries. The AL …

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

Background Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the oral microbiome are associated with oropharyngeal cancer. However, population-based data on the association of oral microbiome with oral HPV infection are limited. Method A cross-sectional analysis of 5496 20–59-year-old participants in the 2009–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was performed. Associations with oral HPV infection were assessed using multivariable logistic regression for oral microbiome α-diversity (within-sample diversity), and using principal coordinate analysis and permutational multivariate analysis of variance for β-diversity (between-sample heterogeneity). Results Overall, for α-diversity, a lower number of observed amplicon sequence variants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.996; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .992–.999) and reduced Faith's …

Hematological Oncology

Methods: The expansion cohort of CheckMate 436 enrolled pts with R/R PMBL after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) or≥ 2 prior multi-agent chemotherapy regimens if ineligible for auto-HCT. Pts received NIVO (240 mg IV)+ BV (1.8 mg/kg IV) every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoints were investigator-assessed ORR per Lugano 2014 criteria and safety. Secondary endpoints were duration of response (DOR), CR rate, duration of CR, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).Results: Among 30 pts, median age was 35.5 years. At a median FU of 33.7 months, ORR was 73%(95% CI, 54–88) and CR rate was 37%. Median DOR was 31.6 months (95% CI, 23.3–not estimable [NE]) and median duration of CR was not reached (95% CI, 27.9–NE) The Kaplan–Meier estimate of median PFS was 26.0 months (95% CI, 2.6–NE; Figure …

Journal of Statistical Theory and Practice

In this paper, we introduce a hybrid model that combines the elements of an RRT model and the Paillier encryption protocol which is common in computer science. The goal of this work is to leverage the strengths of both methods to come up with a more efficient sensitive data collection technique that produces a more efficient estimator as compared to Warner’s indirect question model.

Physical Review Letters

A search for dark matter in events with a displaced nonresonant muon pair and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is performed using an integrated luminosity of 138 fb− 1 of proton-proton (p p) collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV produced by the LHC in 2016–2018. No significant excess over the predicted backgrounds is observed. Upper limits are set on the product of the inelastic dark matter production cross section σ (p p→ A′→ χ 1 χ 2) and the decay branching fraction B (χ 2→ χ 1 μ+ μ−), where A′ is a dark photon and χ 1 and χ 2 are states in the dark sector with near mass degeneracy. This is the first dedicated collider search for inelastic dark matter.

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism

Background Niemann-Pick type C disease (NP-C) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by defective intracellular transport of cholesterol. Although early childhood and late infantile presentations are the classical presentation of the disease, more adult patients with NP-C have been described, expanding the neurologic spectrum of the disease. Objectives To report the adult clinical phenotype of NPC among a cohort of patients with movement disorders Material and Methods Retrospective study and review of neuroimaging, neurophysiological, biochemical and molecular studies carried out in the course of 30 adult patients with NPC disease. Results 14 patients were referred because of generalized dystonia with progressive cognitive decline/dementia; 11 had cerebellar ataxia with vertical ophtalmoparesis; 3 patients had dystonia without an apparent cognitive decline, but with eye ophtalmoparesis; 2 patients had …

Journal of High Energy Physics

The polarization of τ leptons is measured using leptonic and hadronic τ lepton decays in Z→ τ+ τ− events in proton-proton collisions at= 13 TeV recorded by CMS at the CERN LHC with an integrated luminosity of 36.3 fb− 1. The measured τ− lepton polarization at the Z boson mass pole is=− 0.144±0.006 (stat)±0.014 (syst)=− 0.144±0.015, in good agreement with the measurement of the τ lepton asymmetry parameter of A τ= 0.1439±0.0043= at LEP. The τ lepton polarization depends on the ratio of the vector to axial-vector couplings of the τ leptons in the neutral current expression, and thus on the effective weak mixing angle sin 2, independently of the Z boson production mechanism. The obtained value sin 2= 0.2319±0. 0008 (stat)±0. 0018 (syst)= 0. 2319±0. 0019 is in good agreement with measurements at e+ e− colliders.

arXiv preprint arXiv:2403.10341

A search is presented for the decay of the 125 GeV Higgs boson (H) to a pair of new light pseudoscalar bosons (a), followed by the prompt decay of each a boson to a bottom quark-antiquark pair, H aa . The analysis is performed using a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb. To reduce the background from standard model processes, the search requires the Higgs boson to be produced in association with a leptonically decaying W or Z boson. The analysis probes the production of new light bosons in a 15 60 GeV mass range. Assuming the standard model predictions for the Higgs boson production cross sections for pp WH and ZH, model independent upper limits at 95% confidence level are derived for the branching fraction (H aa ). The combined WH and ZH observed upper limit on the branching fraction ranges from 1.10 for 20 GeV to 0.36 for 60 GeV, complementing other measurements in the , and bb ( ,) channels.

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

PurposeDue to various physical degradation factors and limited counts received, PET image quality needs further improvements. The denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DDPM) was a distribution learning-based model, which tried to transform a normal distribution into a specific data distribution based on iterative refinements. In this work, we proposed and evaluated different DDPM-based methods for PET image denoising.MethodsUnder the DDPM framework, one way to perform PET image denoising was to provide the PET image and/or the prior image as the input. Another way was to supply the prior image as the network input with the PET image included in the refinement steps, which could fit for scenarios of different noise levels. 150 brain [F]FDG datasets and 140 brain [F]MK-6240 (imaging neurofibrillary tangles deposition) datasets were utilized to evaluate the proposed DDPM-based methods …

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology

BackgroundSodium–glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial.MethodsEMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and …

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

In view of the High Luminosity LHC, the CMS Muon system will be upgraded to sustain its efficient muon triggering and reconstruction performance. Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) are dedicated detectors for muon triggering due to their excellent timing resolution. The RPC system will be extended up to 2.4 in pseudorapidity. Before the LHC Long Shutdown 3, new RE3/1 and RE4/1 stations of the forward Muon system will be equipped with improved Resistive Plate Chambers (iRPC) having, compared to the present RPC system, a different design and geometry and 2D strip readout. This advanced iRPC geometry configuration allows the rate capability to improve and hence survive the harsh background conditions during the HL-LHC phase. Several iRPC demonstrator chambers were installed in CMS during the recently completed 2nd Long Shutdown to study the detector behaviour under real LHC conditions …

Physical Review D

The second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog, GWTC-2, reported on 39 compact binary coalescences observed by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors between 1 April 2019 15∶ 00 UTC and 1 October 2019 15∶ 00 UTC. Here, we present GWTC-2.1, which reports on a deeper list of candidate events observed over the same period. We analyze the final version of the strain data over this period with improved calibration and better subtraction of excess noise, which has been publicly released. We employ three matched-filter search pipelines for candidate identification, and estimate the probability of astrophysical origin for each candidate event. While GWTC-2 used a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per year, we include in GWTC-2.1, 1201 candidates that pass a false alarm rate threshold of 2 per day. We calculate the source properties of a subset of 44 high-significance candidates that have a …

The European Physical Journal C

This work investigates static and dynamical quark star properties within a holographic model. We solve the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations for the quark matter equation of state obtained from the brane configuration. We determine the mass-radius diagram for a range of model parameters and compare with recent NICER observational data for the pulsars PSR J and PSR J Motivated by the GW170817 event detected by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration, we also calculate the tidal deformability parameter obtained for each component of the binary star system. We show that quark stars composed of flavor-independent quark matter derived from the holographic model are not able to satisfy simultaneously the LIGO-Virgo and NICER astrophysical bounds.

The European Physical Journal C

The inclusive Higgs boson production cross-section is measured in the di-photon and the decay channels using 31.4 and 29.0 fb of pp collision data respectively, collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of  . To reduce the model dependence, the measurement in each channel is restricted to a particle-level phase space that closely matches the channel’s detector-level kinematic selection, and it is corrected for detector effects. These measured fiducial cross-sections are   fb, and   fb, in agreement with the corresponding Standard Model predictions of  fb and  fb. Assuming Standard Model acceptances and branching fractions for the two channels, the fiducial measurements are extrapolated to the full phase space yielding total cross-sections of  pb and  pb at 13.6  from the di-photon and  …

The European Physical Journal C

Measurements of the differential production cross-sections of prompt and non-prompt and mesons with transverse momenta between 8 and 360 GeV and rapidity in the range are reported. Furthermore, measurements of the non-prompt fractions of and , and the prompt and non-prompt -to- production ratios, are presented. The analysis is performed using 140 fb of  TeV pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC during the years 2015–2018.

The European Physical Journal C

A search for the production of single-top-quarks in association with missing energy is performed in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of with the ATLAS experiment at the large hadron collider using data collected in 2012, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of  fb. In this search, the boson from the top quark is required to decay into an electron or a muon and a neutrino. No deviation from the standard model prediction is observed, and upper limits are set on the production cross-section for resonant and non-resonant production of an invisible exotic state in association with a right-handed top quark. In the case of resonant production, for a spin- resonance with a mass of  GeV, an effective coupling strength above is excluded at 95 confidence level for the top quark and an invisible spin- state with mass between and  GeV. In the case of non-resonant production, an effective …

The European Physical Journal C

This paper presents for the first time a precise measurement of the production properties of the Z boson in the full phase space of the decay leptons. This is in contrast to the many previous precise unfolded measurements performed in the fiducial phase space of the decay leptons. The measurement is obtained from proton–proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2012 at TeV at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb. The results, based on a total of 15.3 million Z-boson decays to electron and muon pairs, extend and improve a previous measurement of the full set of angular coefficients describing Z-boson decay. The double-differential cross-section distributions in Z-boson transverse momentum  and rapidity  are measured in the pole region, defined as GeV, over the range . The total uncertainty of the normalised cross-section measurements in the peak region of the …

The European Physical Journal C

The compatibility of W-boson mass measurements performed by the ATLAS, LHCb, CDF, and D0 experiments is studied using a coherent framework with theory uncertainty correlations. The measurements are combined using a number of recent sets of parton distribution functions (PDF), and are further combined with the average value of measurements from the Large Electron–Positron collider. The considered PDF sets generally have a low compatibility with a suite of global rapidity-sensitive Drell–Yan measurements. The most compatible set is CT18 due to its larger uncertainties. A combination of all measurements yields a value of  MeV with the CT18 set, but has a probability of compatibility of 0.5% and is therefore disfavoured. Combinations are performed removing each measurement individually, and a 91% probability of compatibility is obtained when the CDF measurement is removed. The …

The European Physical Journal C

The inclusive Higgs boson production cross-section is measured in the di-photon and the decay channels using 31.4 and 29.0 fb of pp collision data respectively, collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of  . To reduce the model dependence, the measurement in each channel is restricted to a particle-level phase space that closely matches the channel’s detector-level kinematic selection, and it is corrected for detector effects. These measured fiducial cross-sections are   fb, and   fb, in agreement with the corresponding Standard Model predictions of  fb and  fb. Assuming Standard Model acceptances and branching fractions for the two channels, the fiducial measurements are extrapolated to the full phase space yielding total cross-sections of  pb and  pb at 13.6  from the di-photon and  …

The European Physical Journal C

Measurements of the differential production cross-sections of prompt and non-prompt and mesons with transverse momenta between 8 and 360 GeV and rapidity in the range are reported. Furthermore, measurements of the non-prompt fractions of and , and the prompt and non-prompt -to- production ratios, are presented. The analysis is performed using 140 fb of  TeV pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC during the years 2015–2018.

The European Physical Journal C

A search for the production of single-top-quarks in association with missing energy is performed in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of with the ATLAS experiment at the large hadron collider using data collected in 2012, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of  fb. In this search, the boson from the top quark is required to decay into an electron or a muon and a neutrino. No deviation from the standard model prediction is observed, and upper limits are set on the production cross-section for resonant and non-resonant production of an invisible exotic state in association with a right-handed top quark. In the case of resonant production, for a spin- resonance with a mass of  GeV, an effective coupling strength above is excluded at 95 confidence level for the top quark and an invisible spin- state with mass between and  GeV. In the case of non-resonant production, an effective …

The European Physical Journal C

This paper presents for the first time a precise measurement of the production properties of the Z boson in the full phase space of the decay leptons. This is in contrast to the many previous precise unfolded measurements performed in the fiducial phase space of the decay leptons. The measurement is obtained from proton–proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2012 at TeV at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb. The results, based on a total of 15.3 million Z-boson decays to electron and muon pairs, extend and improve a previous measurement of the full set of angular coefficients describing Z-boson decay. The double-differential cross-section distributions in Z-boson transverse momentum  and rapidity  are measured in the pole region, defined as GeV, over the range . The total uncertainty of the normalised cross-section measurements in the peak region of the …

The European Physical Journal C

We explore a novel class of Yang–Baxter deformed backgrounds (J High Energy Phys 01:056, 2021) which exhibit a non-chaotic dynamics for (super)strings propagating over it. We explicitly use the Kovacic’s algorithm in order to establish non-chaotic dynamics of string models over these deformed backgrounds. This analysis is complemented with numerical techniques whereby we probe the classical phase space of these (semi)classical strings and calculate various chaos indicators, such as, the Poincaré sections and the Lyapunov exponents. We find compatibility between the two approaches. Nevertheless, our analysis does not ensure integrability; rather, it excludes the possibility of non-integrability for the given string embeddings.

The European Physical Journal C

The inclusive Higgs boson production cross-section is measured in the di-photon and the decay channels using 31.4 and 29.0 fb of pp collision data respectively, collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of  . To reduce the model dependence, the measurement in each channel is restricted to a particle-level phase space that closely matches the channel’s detector-level kinematic selection, and it is corrected for detector effects. These measured fiducial cross-sections are   fb, and   fb, in agreement with the corresponding Standard Model predictions of  fb and  fb. Assuming Standard Model acceptances and branching fractions for the two channels, the fiducial measurements are extrapolated to the full phase space yielding total cross-sections of  pb and  pb at 13.6  from the di-photon and  …

The European Physical Journal C

Measurements of the differential production cross-sections of prompt and non-prompt and mesons with transverse momenta between 8 and 360 GeV and rapidity in the range are reported. Furthermore, measurements of the non-prompt fractions of and , and the prompt and non-prompt -to- production ratios, are presented. The analysis is performed using 140 fb of  TeV pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC during the years 2015–2018.

The European Physical Journal C

A search for the production of single-top-quarks in association with missing energy is performed in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of with the ATLAS experiment at the large hadron collider using data collected in 2012, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of  fb. In this search, the boson from the top quark is required to decay into an electron or a muon and a neutrino. No deviation from the standard model prediction is observed, and upper limits are set on the production cross-section for resonant and non-resonant production of an invisible exotic state in association with a right-handed top quark. In the case of resonant production, for a spin- resonance with a mass of  GeV, an effective coupling strength above is excluded at 95 confidence level for the top quark and an invisible spin- state with mass between and  GeV. In the case of non-resonant production, an effective …

The European Physical Journal C

This paper presents for the first time a precise measurement of the production properties of the Z boson in the full phase space of the decay leptons. This is in contrast to the many previous precise unfolded measurements performed in the fiducial phase space of the decay leptons. The measurement is obtained from proton–proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2012 at TeV at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb. The results, based on a total of 15.3 million Z-boson decays to electron and muon pairs, extend and improve a previous measurement of the full set of angular coefficients describing Z-boson decay. The double-differential cross-section distributions in Z-boson transverse momentum  and rapidity  are measured in the pole region, defined as GeV, over the range . The total uncertainty of the normalised cross-section measurements in the peak region of the …

The European Physical Journal C

At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), absolute luminosity calibrations obtained by the van der Meer (vdM) method are affected by the mutual electromagnetic interaction of the two beams. The colliding bunches experience relative orbit shifts, as well as optical distortions akin to the dynamic- effect, that both depend on the transverse beam separation and must therefore be corrected for when deriving the absolute luminosity scale. In the vdM regime, the beam–beam parameter is small enough that the orbit shift can be calculated analytically. The dynamic- corrections to the luminometer calibrations, however, had until the end of Run 2 been estimated in the linear approximation only. In this report, the influence of beam–beam effects on the vdM-based luminosity scale is quantified, together with the associated systematic uncertainties, by means of simulations that fully take into account the non-linearity of the beam …

The European Physical Journal C

We describe a method to generate scalar–tensor theories with Weyl symmetry, starting from arbitrary purely metric higher derivative gravity theories. The method consists in the definition of a conformally-invariant metric, that is a rank (0, 2)-tensor constructed out of the metric tensor and the scalar field. This new object has zero conformal weight and is given by, where is the conformal dimension of the scalar. As has conformal dimension of 2, the resulting tensor is trivially a conformal invariant. Then, the generated scalar–tensor theory, which we call the Weyl uplift of the original purely metric theory, is obtained by replacing the metric by in the action that defines the original theory. This prescription allowed us to define the Weyl uplift of theories with terms of higher order in the Riemannian curvature. Furthermore, the prescription for scalar–tensor theories coming from terms that have explicit …

The European Physical Journal C

We describe a method to generate scalar–tensor theories with Weyl symmetry, starting from arbitrary purely metric higher derivative gravity theories. The method consists in the definition of a conformally-invariant metric, that is a rank (0, 2)-tensor constructed out of the metric tensor and the scalar field. This new object has zero conformal weight and is given by, where is the conformal dimension of the scalar. As has conformal dimension of 2, the resulting tensor is trivially a conformal invariant. Then, the generated scalar–tensor theory, which we call the Weyl uplift of the original purely metric theory, is obtained by replacing the metric by in the action that defines the original theory. This prescription allowed us to define the Weyl uplift of theories with terms of higher order in the Riemannian curvature. Furthermore, the prescription for scalar–tensor theories coming from terms that have explicit …

The European Physical Journal C

The inclusive Higgs boson production cross-section is measured in the di-photon and the decay channels using 31.4 and 29.0 fb of pp collision data respectively, collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of  . To reduce the model dependence, the measurement in each channel is restricted to a particle-level phase space that closely matches the channel’s detector-level kinematic selection, and it is corrected for detector effects. These measured fiducial cross-sections are   fb, and   fb, in agreement with the corresponding Standard Model predictions of  fb and  fb. Assuming Standard Model acceptances and branching fractions for the two channels, the fiducial measurements are extrapolated to the full phase space yielding total cross-sections of  pb and  pb at 13.6  from the di-photon and  …

The European Physical Journal C

Measurements of the differential production cross-sections of prompt and non-prompt and mesons with transverse momenta between 8 and 360 GeV and rapidity in the range are reported. Furthermore, measurements of the non-prompt fractions of and , and the prompt and non-prompt -to- production ratios, are presented. The analysis is performed using 140 fb of  TeV pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC during the years 2015–2018.