A David Smith

However, they seem to be unaware of studies published ten years ago in which atrophy of the medial temporal lobe assessed in life by CT scans was shown to be a sensitive and specific marker for pathologically-confirmed AD.[2]. Since then, several authors have confirmed this finding and have correlated hippocampal atrophy with the progression of AD and with autopsy studies on neuronal loss and on neurofibrillary tangle density.[3]

Adam Smith's seminal works,'The Wealth of Nations' and'The Theory of Moral Sentiments,'serve as foundational texts in the landscape of economic and moral philosophy. In'The Wealth of Nations,'Smith articulates the concept of the'invisible hand,'positing that individuals' self-interest within a free market economy inadvertently contributes to the overall good of society, a theme that mirrors the Enlightenment's faith in progress through individual liberty. Contrarily,'The Theory of Moral Sentiments' delves into the foundations of morality and ethics, with lesser emphasis on economic constructs and without the use of the term'capitalism'. Both works exhibit Smith's incisive analysis and liberal use of illustrative examples, confirming his mastery over the prosaic form and his pivotal role in the canon of economic literature. Adam Smith's intellectual journey was profound, having absorbed the economic theories of the French Physiocrats alongside Richard Cantillon's ideas which influenced his approach to market dynamics. A towering figure of the Scottish Enlightenment, Smith's background as a moral philosopher equipped him with a unique perspective in examining the intricate relationships between individual moral action and economic systems. His deep study of economic models underpins the meticulous development of his theories, reflecting a lifetime of scholarship and contemplation.'The Wealth of Nations & The Theory of Moral Sentiments' is indispensable for readers seeking to grasp the origins and evolution of economic thought and moral philosophy. Smith's dual focus on individual self-interest and ethical considerations provides a robust …

The power of their study was probably too low to detect a relationship between homocysteine and white matter hyperintensities. Two recent studies have now shown such a relationship [2, 3].In a prospective study on patients with AD, it was shown that elevated homocysteine levels at baseline were related to a more rapid atrophy of the medial temporal lobe in the following 3 years [4].

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between courses of depression, the application of depression treatment, and the risk of incident dementia.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 354,313 participants ages 50–70 years were recruited from the UK Biobank between 2006 and 2010 and were followed until 2020, with a total of 4,212,929 person-years. We initially studied the effect of depression on dementia incidence across 4 subgroups characterized by courses of depressive symptoms. Then, 46,820 participants with a diagnosis of depression were further categorized into treated and untreated groups. We compared the risk of dementia among different depression treatment groups in all participants who were depressed as well as 4 courses of depressive symptoms by performing survival analyses.ResultsDepression was associated with a 51% higher risk of dementia, among …

This technical report has been prepared for the Office for National Statistics (ONS), reporting on findings and implications from a research project undertaken as part of a Leeds Institute for Data Analytics (LIDA) Data Science Development Programme. It forms part of a wider Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) funded two-year research project ‘WatPop: Understanding seasonal population change’undertaken by the Universities of Plymouth and Leeds in conjunction with South West Water (SWW).The research reported here explicitly sought to address ONS’needs in relation to the development of innovative methods suitable for use in the production of official statistics. We use anonymised dwelling-level water consumption data (collected pre COVID-19, at a 15-minute temporal resolution) to infer dwelling occupancy characteristics associated with tourism. Specifically, we develop analytic approaches which can i) Infer occupancy patterns for tourist dwellings, and; ii) distinguish those tourist dwellings from residential dwellings.

Approximately 30% of elderly adults are cognitively unimpaired at time of death despite the presence of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology at autopsy. Studying individuals who are resilient to the cognitive consequences of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology may uncover novel therapeutic targets to treat Alzheimer’s disease. It is well established that there are sex differences in response to Alzheimer’s disease pathology, and growing evidence suggests that genetic factors may contribute to these differences. Taken together, we sought to elucidate sex-specific genetic drivers of resilience. We extended our recent large scale genomic analysis of resilience in which we harmonized cognitive data across four cohorts of cognitive ageing, in vivo amyloid PET across two cohorts, and autopsy measures of amyloid neuritic plaque burden across two cohorts. These data were leveraged to build robust …

BackgroundDementia and cognitive impairment can be attributed to genetic and modifiable factors. Considerable evidence emerged in modifiable factors and urgently requires standardized evaluation. We conducted an umbrella review to evaluate the strength and validity of the existing evidence.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to identify relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses of prospective studies regarding the associations of dementia and cognitive impairment with modifiable factors. For each association, we analyzed the summary effect size, 95 % confidence interval, 95 % prediction interval, heterogeneity, small study effect and excess significance bias. Mendelian randomization studies were descriptively reviewed further exploring the causality of the associations.ResultsIn total, 12,015 articles were identified, of which 118 eligible …

Correction: Health impact of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL): findings from a UK population-based cohort - PMC Back to Top Skip to main content NIH NLM Logo Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation Search PMC Full-Text Archive Search in PMC Advanced Search User Guide Journal List BMJ Open v.12(7); 2022 PMC9260787 Other Formats PDF (114K) Actions Cite Collections Share Permalink Copy RESOURCES Similar articles Cited by other articles Links to NCBI Databases Journal List BMJ Open v.12(7); 2022 PMC9260787 As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Learn more: PMC Disclaimer | PMC Copyright Notice Logo of bmjo BMJ …