A Rolling‐Bead Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Harvesting Omnidirectional Wind‐Induced Energy toward Shelter Forests Monitoring

Chemical Engineering Journal

As wearable devices in the fields of medical health, human–computer interaction, and motion detection continue to diversify in their materials and forms, they show vast application potential. Cellulose materials are emerging as prominent materials for fabricating flexible wearable electronic devices because of their favorable skin compatibility, cost-effectiveness, and abundance. However, there is little research on the use of kapok cellulose in wearable electronics. This study addresses this knowledge gap by exploring the high-yield production and waste recycling potential of kapok cellulose. To overcome the limitations of conventional cellulose films, such as poor flexibility, high haze, and limited light transmittance, a kapok cellulose nanofiber film (KCNF) with a transparency of > 90 % and a tensile strain of > 20 % is prepared. The use of of KCNF as a friction electric material in the triboelectric nanogenerator …

Advanced Materials

Triboelectric nanogenerators offer an environmentally friendly approach to harvesting energy from mechanical excitations. This capability has made them widely sought‐after as an efficient, renewable, and sustainable energy source, with the potential to decrease reliance on traditional fossil fuels. However, developing triboelectric nanogenerators with specific output remains a challenge mainly due to the uncertainties associated with their complex designs for real‐life applications. Artificial intelligence‐enabled inverse design is a powerful tool to realize performance‐oriented triboelectric nanogenerators. This is an emerging scientific direction that can address the concerns about the design and optimization of triboelectric nanogenerators leading to a next generation nanogenerator systems. This perspective paper aims at reviewing the principal analysis of triboelectricity, summarizing the current challenges of …

The growing popularity of the Internet of Things has led to increases in the need for renewable energy and sensor systems. Therefore, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have garnered significant attention as a novel form of energy production due to their lightweight nature, cost-effectiveness, high output, and versatility in terms of materials, low cost, and device configurations. TENGs have been studied for several uses, including self-powered sensing, biomedical, biomotion, healthcare monitoring, and robotic applications. The performance of TENG is drastically pretentious by the material because charge density (σ) is an inherent characteristic of the material. Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials possess robust charge-trapping capabilities, multifunctional structures, adjustable properties, and exceptional stability. These materials can be utilized or integrated as self-powered sensors of different kinds to …

Advanced Materials Technologies

Although natural evaporation absorbs substantial thermal energy from the ambient environment, efficiently utilizing this high‐entropy energy remains challenging. Here, the first water evaporation‐induced triboelectric nanogenerator is proposed. It only uses tap water to harvest low‐grade heat energy from the surroundings to convert it into electricity. The natural evaporation of the liquid can generate unintermittent electricity with an open‐circuit voltage of 382 V, a peak power of 0.42 mW, and three orders of magnitude enhancement up to 59.7 mJ mL−1 after consuming the same amount of tap water compared with the droplet‐based electricity generators. After which, the excellent power output lights 2 W LED and drives wearable electronic devices. This device also inhibits carbon steel materials' corrosion in solutions through the evaporation effect of the salt water on the spot. The present study provides novel …

Nano Energy

Tactile perception systems as the medium between the ambient environment and robotics lie in the heart of modern artificial intelligence. By providing different electronic readouts under various circumstances, they can give easily captured information for post-processing. However, for applications of most reported tactile perception systems, external location assistances are still needed. Here, as inspired by the platypus’ sixth sense, we developed a new kind of tactile perception system based on triboelectric sensors with the additional function from quantum rods. This terminal can be used as a single-electrode mode triboelectric nanogenerator for both location detection and vertical force sensing with high sensitivity and fast response. Moreover, by adding CdSe/CdS quantum rods into an imprinted polydimethylsiloxane film, different lateral stretching levels can be perceived by a modified luminescence. Supported …

Energy & Environmental Science

Controlling the motion of charge carriers in semiconductor materials is a fundamental strategy for achieving many functional devices, which is typically achieved by applying an external voltage source. Herein, using the electrostatic potential generated by a triboelectric material taken as a sliding “gate”, a functional current is generated across a semiconductor channel when the gate is moving in parallel to the dielectric surface. Systematic studies verify that the motion of the electrified “gate” induces the regional and dynamical doping of the semiconductor channel, thereby driving the carrier transport without applying an external voltage. This sliding-gated generator achieves mechanoelectric energy conversion based on the coupled triboelectrification effect and electrostatic field effect and is therefore termed as a field effect nanogenerator (FENG). It can output electrical currents with a waveform that follows well with …

Advanced Materials Technologies

Wearable and implantable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) convert mechanical energy to electricity in the daily movements of the human body. Self‐generated dynamic electric field or displacement current of TENGs can operate from micrometers to centimeters, which offers a key technology for TENG‐based therapy systems for precision medicine on both tissues and cells. TENGs have low‐current and high‐voltage properties, which reduce damage to normal tissues, and kill rapidly dividing cancer cells. In this work, the dynamic electric field from TENG directly inhibits the cellular proliferation behavior of cancer cells. The work paves a new way for the self‐generated electric field of TENG for cancer therapy.

Journal of Power Sources

High-frequency supercapacitors (HF–SCs) are promising electric energy storage devices and alternating current line filters. However, severe self-discharge of HF–SCs causes significant energy loss and limits their applications. Current self-discharge suppression methods for supercapacitors typically lead to decreased rate performance and hence cannot be applied to HF–SCs directly. In this work, barium titanate (BTO) nanoparticles are employed as an electrolyte additive for HF–SCs to reduce self-discharge. By adding BTO nanoparticles into the electrolyte, both leakage current and decay of open circuit voltage of the devices are reduced without sacrificing the specific capacitance and high-frequency response. At a charging voltage of 2 V, the leakage current is reduced by 49 % (3.91 vs. 1.98 μA), while the time for the voltage to drop from 2.0 to 1.0 V is extended by 4.5 times (2300 vs. 10240 sec). When the HF …

Advanced Materials

Recently, perovskite photodetectors (PDs) have been risen to prominence due to substantial research interest. Beyond merely tweaking the composition of materials, a cutting‐edge advancement lies in leveraging the innate piezoelectric polarization properties of perovskites themselves. Here, the investigation shows utilizing Ti3C2Tx, a typical MXene, as an intermediate layer for significantly boosting the piezoelectric property of MAPbI3 thin films. This improvement is primarily attributed to the enhanced polarization of the methylammonium (MA+) groups within MAPbI3, induced by the OH groups present in Ti3C2Tx. A flexible PD based on the MAPbI3/MXene heterostructure was then fabricated. The new device is sensitive to a wide range of wavelengths, displays greatly enhanced performances owing to the piezo‐phototronic coupling. Moreover, the device is endowed with a greatly reduced response time, down …

Energy & Environmental Science

Establishing maintenance-free wireless sensor networks for online monitoring of power transmission lines is crucial for realizing smart grids, exhibiting necessitating energy harvesters with compact volume, excellent robustness, and efficient, well-regulated output. This study introduces a hybrid magnetic energy harvester (HMEH), seamlessly integrating a magneto-mechanical energy conversion module, a non-contact rotational triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) module, and an electro-magnetic generator (EMG) module for magnetic energy harvesting and self-powered sensing in power transmission lines. The HMEH converts magnetic energy into synchronized mechanical rotation using the magnetic phase difference principle and smoothly transforms it into a regulated electrical energy output. With a compact size of 5 cm × 5 cm × 3 cm and a light weight of 56 g, the HMEH showcases unprecedented volume and …

Small

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising solution to harvest the low‐frequency, low‐actuation‐force, and high‐entropy droplet energy. Conventional attempts mainly focus on maximizing electrostatic energy harvest on the liquid‐solid surface, but enormous kinetic energy of droplet hitting the substrate is directly dissipated, limiting the output performance. Here, a dual‐mode TENG (DM‐TENG) is proposed to efficiently harvest both electrostatic energy at liquid‐solid surface from a droplet TENG (D‐TENG) and elastic potential energy of the vibrated cantilever from a contact‐separation TENG (CS‐TENG). Triggered by small droplets, the flexible cantilever beam, rather than conventional stiff ones, can easily vibrate multiple times with large amplitude, enabling frequency multiplication of CS‐TENG and producing amplified output charges. Combining with the top electrode design to sufficiently utilize charges at …

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

The global annual vegetable and fruit waste accounts for more than one-fifth of food waste, mainly due to deterioration. In addition, agricultural product spoilage can produce foodborne illnesses and threaten public health. Eco-friendly preservation technologies for extending the shelf life of agricultural products are of great significance to socio-economic development. Here, we report a dual-functional TENG (DF-TENG) that can simultaneously prolong the storage period of vegetables and realize wireless storage condition monitoring by harvesting the rotational energy. Under the illumination of the self-powered high-voltage electric field, the deterioration of vegetables can be effectively slowed down. It can not only decrease the respiration rate and weight loss of pakchoi but also increase the chlorophyll levels (∼33.1%) and superoxide dismutase activity (∼11.1%) after preservation for 4 days. Meanwhile, by …

Nature Communications

Harvesting biomechanical energy from cardiac motion is an attractive power source for implantable bioelectronic devices. Here, we report a battery-free, transcatheter, self-powered intracardiac pacemaker based on the coupled effect of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction for the treatment of arrhythmia in large animal models. We show that the capsule-shaped device (1.75 g, 1.52 cc) can be integrated with a delivery catheter for implanting in the right ventricle of a swine through the intravenous route, which effectively converts cardiac motion energy to electricity and maintains endocardial pacing function during the three-week follow-up period. We measure in vivo open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the self-powered intracardiac pacemaker of about 6.0 V and 0.2 μA, respectively. This approach exhibits up-to-date progress in self-powered medical devices and it may overcome the inherent …

Advanced Materials

Although dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) are promising artificial muscles for use as visual prostheses in patients with oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP), high driving voltage coupled with vulnerable compliant electrodes limits their safe long‐term service. Herein, a self‐healable polydimethylsiloxane compliant electrode based on reversible imine bonds and hydrogen bonds is prepared and coated on an acrylic ester film to develop a self‐healable DEA (SDEA), followed by actuation with a high‐output triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to construct a self‐powered DEA (TENG‐SDEA). Under 135.9 kV mm−1, the SDEA exhibits an elevated actuated strain of 50.6%, comparable to the actuation under DC power. Moreover, the mechanically damaged TENG‐SDEA displays a self‐healing efficiency of over 90% for 10 cycles. The TENG ensures the safe using of TENG‐SDEAs and an extraocular‐muscle‐like actuator …

Chemical Engineering Journal

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) play an important role in the field of clean energy as energy conversion and storage devices respectively. It is vital to fabricate efficient transport between TENGs and LIBs for promoting the development in combined energy systems. This work constructs an efficient energy transport system between the contact-energy contact-separation TENG (CCS-TENG) and the LIB by introducing power management based on a short-circuit contact in-situ. Such synergy system satisfies the needs of improving the efficient connection between TENGs and LIBs, durability and miniaturization of energy unit. The short-circuit contact in-situ guarantees the maximum energy output of CSS-TENG in every contact-separation cycle and the energy density is as high as 131.1 mJ m−2 cycle−1, although the electrode of CCS-TENG is only 10 cm2. Moreover, the TENG cycle …

Advanced Functional Materials

The utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is on the rise across various industries. In such a scenario, the issue of flight safety for these UAVs becomes increasingly paramount. Currently, UAVs exhibit shortcomings in flight attitude perception compared to more mature manned aircraft, especially concerning the position sensing of flight actuation, which poses significant safety risks. Mature position monitoring solutions for flight actuation used in manned aircraft cannot be directly integrated into systems of UAV due to compatibility issues. This necessitates the development of new position sensing technologies to address this challenge. Triboelectric nanogenerators, with their advantages of miniaturization, self‐powering capabilities, and the ability to generate voltage‐level electrical signals, are chosen to form a part of the position detection system for sensors in UAVs. In this study, a self‐powered …

As one of the few self-powered instruments and devices, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been developed for more than 10 years since its invention in 2012. With wide material selections and diverse design structures, and without having to use an external power supply, TENG has been applied in many key technologies. By the end of 2022, more than 16,000 researchers from 83 countries and regions around the world have authored scientific papers in TENG. In this review, we start from the theoretical principles and working mechanisms of TENG, and discuss its 5 major fields of application, namely, as self-powered sensors, high-voltage energy devices, blue energy devices, micro/nano-energy devices, and solid–liquid interface probes. Next, we review the breakthrough progress made using TENG as commercial products in the following fields: medical health, intelligent security, and marine energy …

Nano Energy

While triboelectric nanogenerated knitted fabrics are regarded as a state-of-the-art and reliable energy source for wearable electronics, there are two bottlenecks in their widespread applications: few mass-manufacturing strategies and low power output. Here, by mature weft-knitted technologies, a 3D single-faced jacquard pile fabric TENG (SJPF-TENG) with the merits of high surface pile density, excellent comfort and breathability, good thermal insulation property, and superior durability, is mass-produced. Based on the high-density pile structure (about 16128 piles per cm2), the surface area of pile fabrics is 42.2 times that of the plain structure, which endows the SJPF-TENG with higher electrical outputs and good detection precision. With a peak power density of 1.4 W m−2 (dozens of times that of conventional textile-based TENGs), the SJPF-TENG is capable of lighting up 1392 light-emitting diodes, powering …

Small

Quantum dot (QD) light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) are promising for next‐generation displays, but suffer from carrier imbalance arising from lower hole injection compared to electron injection. A defect engineering strategy is reported to tackle transport limitations in nickel oxide‐based inorganic hole‐injection layers (HILs) and find that hole injection is able to enhance in high‐performance InP QLEDs using the newly designed material. Through optoelectronic simulations, how the electronic properties of NiOx affect hole injection efficiency into an InP QD layer, finding that efficient hole injection depends on lowering the hole injection barrier and enhancing the acceptor density of NiOx is explored. Li doping and oxygen enriching are identified as effective strategies to control intrinsic and extrinsic defects in NiOx, thereby increasing acceptor density, as evidenced by density functional theory calculations and …

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Halide ion exchange seen in metal halide perovskites provide a substantial opportunity to control their halide composition and corresponding optoelectronic properties. Halide ion mixing across colloidal 3D perovskite nanocrystals have been extensively studied while the mixing within colloidal 2D counterparts remain underexplored. In this study, the halide ion exchange kinetics across colloidally stable 2D Ruddlesden‐Popper layered bromide (Br) and iodide (I) perovskites using two different spacer ligands such as aromatic phenethylammonium (PEA) versus linear butyammonium (BA) is demonstrated. The halide exchange kinetic rate constant (k), as determined by tracking time‐dependent absorbance changes, indicates that Br/I halide mixing in 2D PEA‐based perovskites (2.7 × 10−3 min−1) occurs at an order of magnitude slower than in 2D BA‐based perovskites (3.3 × 10−2 min−1). Concentration (≈1 mM to …

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Functionalization of pristine graphene by hydrogen and fluorine is well studied, resulting in graphane and fluorographene structures. In contrast, functionalization of pristine graphene with iodine has not been reported. Here, the functionalization of graphene with iodine using photochemical activation is presented, which is thermally reversible at 400 °C. Additional dispersive dominant Raman modes that are probed by resonance Raman spectroscopy are observed. Additionally, iodinated graphene is probed by Kelvin probe force microscopy and by transport measurements showing p‐doping surpassing non‐covalent iodine doping by charge transfer‐complex formation. The emergent Raman modes combined with strong p‐doping indicate that iodine functionalization is distinct from simple iodine doping. A reaction mechanism based on these findings is proposed, identifying the large size of iodine atoms as the …

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Topical hemostatic agents are preferred for application to sensitive bleeding sites because of their immediate locoregional effects with less tissue damage. However, the majority of commercial hemostatic agents fail to provide stable tissue adhesion to bleeding wounds or act as physical barriers against contaminants. Hence, it has become necessary to investigate biologically favorable materials that can be applied and left within the body post‐surgery. In this study, a dual‐sided nanofibrous dressing for topical hemostasis is electrospun using a combination of two protein materials: bioengineered mussel adhesive protein (MAP) and silk fibroin (SF). The wound‐adhesive inner layer is fabricated using dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)‐containing MAP, which promotes blood clotting by aggregation of hemocytes and activation of platelets. The anti‐adhesive outer layer is composed of alcohol‐treated hydrophobic SF …

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A new Yersinia pseudotuberculosis mutant strain, YptbS46, carrying the lpxE insertion and pmrF‐J deletion is constructed and shown to exclusively produce monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) having adjuvant properties. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) isolated from YptbS46 harboring an lcrV expression plasmid, pSMV13, are designated OMV46‐LcrV, which contained MPLA and high amounts of LcrV (Low Calcium response V) and displayed low activation of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4). Intramuscular prime‐boost immunization with 30 µg of of OMV46‐LcrV exhibited substantially reduced reactogenicity than the parent OMV44‐LcrV and conferred complete protection to mice against a high‐dose of respiratory Y. pestis challenge. OMV46‐LcrV immunization induced robust adaptive responses in both lung mucosal and systemic compartments and orchestrated innate immunity in the lung, which are correlated with …

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The unique optical and electrical properties of graphene‐based heterojunctions make them significant for artificial synaptic devices, promoting the advancement of biomimetic vision systems. However, mass production and integration of device arrays are necessary for visual imaging, which is still challenging due to the difficulty in direct growth of wafer‐scale graphene patterns. Here, a novel strategy is proposed using photosensitive polymer as a solid carbon source for in situ growth of patterned graphene on diverse substrates. The growth mechanism during high‐temperature annealing is elucidated, leading to wafer‐scale graphene patterns with exceptional uniformity, ideal crystalline quality, and precise control over layer number by eliminating the release of volatile from oxygen‐containing resin. The growth strategy enables the fabrication of two‐inch optoelectronic artificial synaptic device array based on …

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Smart windows that can passively regulate incident solar radiation by dynamically modulating optical transmittance have attracted increasing scientific interest due to their potential economic and environmental savings. However, challenges remain in the global adoption of such systems, given the extreme variability in climatic and economic conditions across different geographical locations. Aiming these issues, a methylcellulose (MC) salt system is synthesized with high tunability for intrinsic optical transmittance (89.3%), which can be applied globally to various locations. Specifically, the MC window exhibits superior heat shielding potential below transition temperatures, becoming opaque at temperatures above the Lower Critical Solution Temperature and reducing the solar heat gain by 55%. This optical tunability is attributable to the particle size change triggered by the temperature‐induced reversible coil‐to …

Small

Carbon materials with unique sp2‐hybridization are extensively researched for catalytic applications due to their excellent conductivity and tunable physicochemical properties. However, the development of economic approaches to tailoring carbon materials into desired morphologies remains a challenge. Herein, a convenient “bottom‐up” strategy by pyrolysis of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) (or other carbon/nitrogen (C, N)‐enriched compounds) together with selected metal salts and molecules is reported for the construction of different carbon‐based catalysts with tunable morphologies, including carbon nano‐balls, carbon nanotubes, nitrogen/sulfur (S, N) doped‐carbon nanosheets, and single‐atom catalysts, supported by carbon layers. The catalysts are systematically investigated through various microscopic, spectroscopic, and diffraction methods and they demonstrate promising and broad applications in …

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Aqueous aluminum‐ion batteries are attractive post‐lithium battery technologies for large‐scale energy storage in virtue of abundant and low‐cost Al metal anode offering ultrahigh capacity via a three‐electron redox reaction. However, state‐of‐the‐art cathode materials are of low practical capacity, poor rate capability, and inadequate cycle life, substantially impeding their practical use. Here layered manganese oxide that is pre‐intercalated with benzoquinone‐coordinated aluminum ions (BQ‐AlxMnO2) as a high‐performance cathode material of rechargeable aqueous aluminum‐ion batteries is reported. The coordination of benzoquinone with aluminum ions not only extends interlayer spacing of layered MnO2 framework but reduces the effective charge of trivalent aluminum ions to diminish their electrostatic interactions, substantially boosting intercalation/deintercalation kinetics of guest aluminum ions and …

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Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) has recently emerged as a promising approach for sustainable ammonia synthesis and wastewater treatment, while the activity and selectivity for ammonia production have remained low. Herein, rational design and controllable synthesis of heterostructured Co‐doped Cu2O/Cu nanoparticles embedded in carbon framework (Co‐Cu2O/Cu@C) is reported for NO3RR. The Co‐Cu2O/Cu@C exhibits a high ammonia yield rate of 37.86 mg h−1 mg−1cat. with 98.1% Faraday efficiency, which is higher than those obtained for most of the Cu‐based catalysts under similar conditions. Density functional theory calculations indicated that the strong electronic interactions at Cu/Co‐Cu2O interface facilitate the N species deoxygenation process and doping of Co promotes water dissociation to generate *H for the N species hydrogenation process, leading to enhanced NO3RR …

Small

Developing robust non‐platinum electrocatalysts with multifunctional active sites for pH‐universal hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial for scalable hydrogen production through electrochemical water splitting. Here ultra‐small ruthenium‐nickel alloy nanoparticles steadily anchored on reduced graphene oxide papers (Ru‐Ni/rGOPs) as versatile electrocatalytic materials for acidic and alkaline HER are reported. These Ru–Ni alloy nanoparticles serve as pH self‐adaptive electroactive species by making use of in situ surface reconstruction, where surface Ni atoms are hydroxylated to produce bifunctional active sites of Ru‐Ni(OH)2 for alkaline HER, and selectively etched to form monometallic Ru active sites for acidic HER, respectively. Owing to the presence of Ru‐Ni(OH)2 multi‐site surface, which not only accelerates water dissociation to generate reactive hydrogen intermediates but also facilitates their …

Small

Inert inorganic nano‐building blocks, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and boron nitride (BN) nanosheets, possess excellent physicochemical properties. However, it remains challenging to build aerogels with these inert nanomaterials unless they are chemically modified or compounded with petrochemical polymers, which affects their intrinsic properties and is usually not environmentally friendly. Here, a universal biomacromolecule‐enabled assembly strategy is proposed to construct aerogels with 90 wt% ultrahigh inorganic loading. The super‐high inorganic content is beneficial for exploiting the inherent properties of inert nanomaterials in multifunctional applications. Taking chitosan‐CNTs aerogel as a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, it delivers sensitive pressure response as a pressure sensor, an ultrahigh sunlight absorption (94.5%) raising temperature under light (from 25 to 71 °C within 1 min) for clean …

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It is challenging yet promising to design highly accessible N‐doped carbon skeletons to fully expose the active sites inside single‐atom catalysts. Herein, mesoporous N‐doped carbon hollow spheres with regulatable through‐pore size can be formulated by a simple sequential synthesis procedure, in which the condensed SiO2 is acted as removable dual‐templates to produce both hollow interiors and through‐pores, meanwhile, the co‐condensed polydopamine shell is served as N‐doped carbon precursor. After that, Fe─N─C hollow spheres (HSs) with highly accessible active sites can be obtained after rationally implanting Fe single‐atoms. Microstructural analysis and X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis reveal that high‐density Fe─N4 active sites together with tiny Fe clusters are uniformly distributed on the mesoporous carbon skeleton with abundant through‐pores. Benefitted from the highly accessible …

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The low energy efficiency and limited cycling life of rechargeable Zn–air batteries (ZABs) arising from the sluggish oxygen reduction/evolution reactions (ORR/OERs) severely hinder their commercial deployment. Herein, a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)‐derived strategy associated with subsequent thermal fixing treatment is proposed to fabricate dual‐atom CoFe─N─C nanorods (Co1Fe1─N─C NRs) containing atomically dispersed bimetallic Co/Fe sites, which can promote the energy efficiency and cyclability of ZABs simultaneously by introducing the low‐potential oxidation redox reactions. Compared to the mono‐metallic nanorods, Co1Fe1─N─C NRs exhibit remarkable ORR performance including a positive half‐wave potential of 0.933 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in alkaline electrolyte. Surprisingly, after introducing the potassium iodide (KI) additive, the oxidation overpotential of Co …

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The battery performance declines significantly in severely cold areas, especially discharge capacity and cycle life, which is the most significant pain point for new energy consumers. To address this issue and improve the low‐temperature characteristic of aluminum‐ion batteries, in this work, polydopamine‐derived N‐doped carbon nanospheres are utilized to modify the most promising graphite material. More active sites are introduced into graphite, more ion transport channels are provided, and improved ionic conductivity is achieved in a low‐temperature environment. Due to the synergistic effect of the three factors, the ion diffusion resistance is significantly reduced and the diffusion coefficient of aluminum complex ions in the active material become larger at low temperatures. Therefore, the battery delivers an improved capacity retention rate from 23% to 60% at −20 °C and excellent ultra‐long cycling stability …

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Quantum dot (QD) light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) are promising for next‐generation displays, but suffer from carrier imbalance arising from lower hole injection compared to electron injection. A defect engineering strategy is reported to tackle transport limitations in nickel oxide‐based inorganic hole‐injection layers (HILs) and find that hole injection is able to enhance in high‐performance InP QLEDs using the newly designed material. Through optoelectronic simulations, how the electronic properties of NiOx affect hole injection efficiency into an InP QD layer, finding that efficient hole injection depends on lowering the hole injection barrier and enhancing the acceptor density of NiOx is explored. Li doping and oxygen enriching are identified as effective strategies to control intrinsic and extrinsic defects in NiOx, thereby increasing acceptor density, as evidenced by density functional theory calculations and …

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The proton‐coupled electron transfer(PCET) reaction plays a crucial role in the chemical transformation process andhas become one of the most concerned elementary reactions. However, the complex kinetics of PCET reaction, which requires the simultaneous transfer of protons and electrons, leads to the dilemma that thermodynamics and kinetics cannot bebalanced and restricts its further development. In this, an interface micro‐electric field (IMEF) basedon Fe─N4 in FeMOFs (Fe‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks) glass is designed tosynchronize proton/electron interface behavior for the first time to realizeefficient PCET reaction and optimize reaction thermodynamics and kinetics. The IMEF facilitates the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, and accelerates Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle. Driven by near‐surface electric field force, the protons near surfacemigrate to Fe sites and participate in Fe(IV)═O …

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Direct photocatalytic methane oxidation into value‐added products provides a promising strategy for methane utilization. However, the inefficient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) partly limits the activation of CH4. Herein, it is reported that Pd and VOδ co‐modified TiO2 enables direct and selective methane oxidation into liquid oxygenates in the presence of O2 and H2. Due to the extra ROS production from the in situ formed H2O2, a highly improved yield rate of 5014 µmol g−1 h−1 for liquid oxygenates with a selectivity of 89.3% is achieved over the optimized Pd0.5V0.2‐TiO2 catalyst at ambient temperature, which is much better than those (2682 µmol g−1 h−1, 77.8%) without H2. Detailed investigations also demonstrate the synergistic effect between Pd and VOδ species for enhancing the charge carrier separation and transfer, as well as improving the catalytic activity for O2 reduction and H2O2 …

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High‐power‐density electronic devices under vibrations call for soft and damping thermal interface materials (TIMs) for efficient heat dissipation. However, integrating low hardness, high damping, and superior heat transfer capability into one TIM is highly challenging. Herein, soft, damping, and thermally conductive TIMs are designed and prepared by constructing a honeycomb‐board‐mimetic boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS) network in a dynamic polyimine via one‐step horizontal centrifugal casting. The unique filler network makes the TIMs perform a high through‐plane thermal conductivity (> 7.69 W m−1 K−1) and a uniform heat transfer process. Meanwhile, the hierarchical dynamic bonding of the polyimine endows the TIMs with low compressive strength (2.16 MPa at 20% strain) and excellent damping performance (tan δ > ≈0.3 at 10−2–102 Hz). The resulting TIMs also exhibit electrical insulation and …

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2D Bi2O2Se has recently garnered significant attention in the electronics and optoelectronics fields due to its remarkable photosensitivity, broad spectral absorption, and excellent long‐term environmental stability. However, the development of integrated Bi2O2Se photodetector with high performance and low‐power consumption is limited by material synthesis method and the inherent high carrier concentration of Bi2O2Se. Here, a type‐I heterojunction is presented, comprising 2D Bi2O2Se and lead‐free bismuth perovskite CsBi3I10, for fast response and broadband detection. Through effective charge transfer and strong coupling effect at the interfaces of Bi2O2Se and CsBi3I10, the response time is accelerated to 4.1 µs, and the detection range is expanded from ultraviolet to near‐infrared spectral regions (365–1500 nm). The as‐fabricated photodetector exhibits a responsivity of 48.63 AW−1 and a detectivity of 1 …